Commentators on Tantras

 

There are great scholars and practitioners of Tantra who have done yeomen service to sādhaka-varga through their commentaries. While Abhinavagupata and Bhāskararāya are well-known within and outside Tāntric circles, many others remain unknown and under-appreciated.

Amr̥tānandanātha

Well-known as the author of Saubhāgya-subhagōdaya and Dīpikā, the commentary on Yōginīhr̥daya, Amr̥tānandanātha was a disciple of Puṇyānandanātha of Hādi sect and flourished in the eleventh century. His other works include ṣaṭ-trimśat tattva saṁdōha, Traipura siddhānta prakaraṇa, Tripurasundarī Tantra, Tripurasundarī kalpa, Chidvilāsa stuti and ṭippaṇī on Tripurā sāra-samuccaya of Nāgabhaṭṭa. Of these, I have personally not seen any available manuscript of Tripurasundarī kalpa; the rest of his works are available scattered through the subcontinent.

Brahmānanda Giri

Brahmānanda was the disciple of Tripurānandanātha and lived in the sixteenth century. He is the author of Shāktānanda-taraṁgiṇī and Tārārahasya. His śiṣya is the well-known Pūrṇānanda.

Gīrvāṇēndra Sarasvatī

A disciple of Viśvēśvara Sarasvatī, he authored the encyclopedic Prapañcasāra sāra saṅgraha based on Shankara Bhagavatpāda’s Prapañcasāra Tantra. Some of his well-known disciples include Bōdhēndra Sarasvatī (author of Advaitabhūṣana and a commentary on ācārya’s ātmabōdha), Nr̥siṁhāśrama (author of Advaitadīpikā) and Rāmēndra (author of Vaidikācāra nirṇaya).

Hariharānandanātha

Well-known as the guru of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Kulāvadhūta Hariharānandanātha Tīrtha authored commentaries on Mahānirvāṇa Tantra and Kulārṇava Tantra (Kulārṇava prakāśa). He belonged to a village named Palpada in Bengal and was known as Nandakumāra Vidyālaṅkāra in his pūrvāśrama.

Kāśīnātha Bhaṭṭa

Kāśīnātha Bhaṭṭa, known as Shivānandanātha, lived in Benares during the seventeenth century. A prolific writer, he authored āgamōtpattyādi vaidika tāntrika nirṇaya, Kāpālika tantra vyavasthā, Kālikā bhakti rasāyana, Kr̥ṣṇapūjā taraṅgiṇī, Kaulagaja mardana, Tantra siddhānta kaumudī, Dakṣiṇācāra dīpikā, Dakṣiṇāmūrti kaustubha, Mantracandrikā, Yantracandrikā, Vāmācāra mata khaṇḍana, Vaidika-tāntrika adhikāra nirṇaya, etc. His commentaries include Dīpikā and Rahasyārtha sādhikā on Karpūra stava on Bhagavatī Dakṣiṇā Kālikā, on Durgā Saptaśatī, Gūḍhārthādarśa on Jñānārṇava Tantra, Chakra samkēta candrikā on a portion of Yōginīhr̥daya and commentaries on Mantra Mahōdadhi of Mahīdhara and śāradātilaka. Well-known for his siddhis and realization, Kāśīnātha displays his extensive knowledge of every branch of Tantra in his masterpiece, Kaulagaja mardana. I am told that his lineage today considers Gōpālasundarī Kalpa to be his work as well.

Narasiṁha Thakkura

Though little is known about him, except that he was the son of one Gadādhara, his works on Tārā upāsanā are extremely precious. He is the author of Tārā bhakti sudhārṇava, Tārā pañcāṅga, Tārā paricaryā, Tāriṇī krama, and Mahāvidyā prakaraṇa.

Premanidhi Pantha

Son of Umāpati and Uddyōtamatī, he was patronized by the rulers of Nepal in the eighteenth century. His works include Antaryāga ratna, Dīpaprakāśa, commentary on śāradātilaka named śabdārthacintāmaṇi, etc. His commentary on the voluminous Shaktisaṅgama Tantra (of which I have only seen incomplete copies) is truly a treasure.

Rāmēśvara

A dākśiṇātya brāhmaṇa of Kāśyapa gōtra, he was the prashiShya of the great Bhāskararāya and his dīkṣā nāma was Aparājitānandanātha. His most well-known work is the commentary on Paraśurāma Kalpasūtra called Saubhāgya-śubhōdaya, also referred to as Subhagōdaya sometimes.

 

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